Rising geopolitical tensions and ongoing economic transformations are reshaping the global transport and logistics system, increasing the importance of alternative routes.
According to transport expert Rauf Aghamirzayev, sanctions imposed in the context of the Russia–Ukraine war, instability in the Middle East, and attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea have weakened the resilience of global supply chains. As a result, traditional maritime routes are experiencing delays, higher costs, and increased risks.
In response, cargo operators are turning to alternative routes, including those passing around southern Africa, significantly extending delivery times.
In this context, the Middle Corridor is emerging as a more competitive and reliable alternative. One of its key advantages is its passage through relatively stable geopolitical regions. Azerbaijan plays a central role in this corridor, acting as a vital transit hub connecting Europe and Asia.
The expert notes that major infrastructure projects implemented in recent years — including ports, railways, and highways — have significantly enhanced the corridor’s capacity. The expansion of cargo transportation across the Caspian Sea is also a critical factor in improving its efficiency.
The commissioning of new ferries and container vessels, along with the modernization of port infrastructure, enables faster and safer cargo transportation. In this regard, the interest shown by Abu Dhabi Ports in constructing large-capacity container ships at the Baku Shipyard is particularly noteworthy.
Aghamirzayev emphasizes that interest in the Middle Corridor has already moved beyond the regional level and gained global significance. The participation of countries such as Singapore, along with other Asian and African states, in international meetings held in Astana highlights the corridor’s growing strategic importance.
At the same time, the integration of various transport routes is further expanding the corridor’s potential. A new link via the Karakoram Highway, connecting Central Asia to Pakistan, opens access to the Indian Ocean.
Significant steps are also being taken to develop maritime transport in the region. Kazakhstan Railways has begun expanding its fleet by commissioning six dry cargo container vessels. Four of these ships will be built in China, while two will be constructed at the Baku Shipyard.
These “river-sea” class vessels will have a deadweight of up to 9,900 tons and a capacity of up to 537 TEU, contributing to increased cargo flows across the Caspian–Black Sea route.
The expert also highlights that agreements to expand road transportation with China are of particular importance. These developments are expected to strengthen Azerbaijan’s position in the global logistics market while boosting transit revenues and service exports.
